RF Spectrum for Wi-Fi

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Rf spectrum for Wi-Fi, let’s do a comparison

In today’s training video we’ll be comparing the spectrum

across the bands 2, 4, 5 gig and 6 gig

We’re not going to go talking about the 900 megahertz

or some of the other Iot bands

We’re just focusing on 2.4, 5 gig and 6

Let’s look at

As we look at this chart, it looks a little overwhelming,

there is lots and lots of bandwidth

It’s big, it’s filled on the screen

So instead of looking at as a whole,

which we could as you look at as a whole,

there’s a lot going on there

Let’s zoom up into the right corner and

look just at the difference in bandwidth

How much bandwidth do we have?

In 2.4 gig, we have only 80 megahertz to play with

80 megahertz, it sounds like a lot until you realize

it’s really only three channels,

we only have three channels of non overlapping frequency

to use in two or four

Nice, great.

And 20 years ago is fantastic

We did everything else

We then moved up to 5 gigahertz with about 500 megahertz

And we’ve used that for the last decade or more

And that’s really where our growth has been going

But with 6 gig in the future,

we’re picking up an extra 1200 megahertz more space,

more than double what we’ve had so far

So yeah, zooming in there, it’s great to see that we’re getting

that much more spectrum

I mean is, Wi-Fi can be more efficient

We can use wider channels and get faster throughputs

all the way around

Now we’re going to zoom in on just the size

We’ve seen this in the other videos, about 2, 4, 5 gig and 6

2, 4 bigger waves, 5 gig smaller, 6 gig, even smaller

We have a little ruler you can compare those to

If we go in the upper left corner and we now see that

there’s just three channels

When we talk specifically about 2.4, we showed all the

13 channels, but really there’s only three that we can use

cleanly without adjacent channel interference

And we really don’t like adjacent channel interference

The problem with 3 is that forces us to be in many situations

in where we have Code Channel interference,

tumor AP on the same channel above a noise floor

If it’s above the noise floor where there’s a preamble detect

If I detect your preamble, I will wait and defer

That means two APs on the same channel above the preamble

is that you have the capacity of one

Because they both wait for each other

The protocol is very polite

If you’re talking, I’m going to wait for you

Thus the 2.4 gig problem is

we don’t have enough frequency to go there

The other issue is because it has a wider, bigger wavelength

That means the received aperture on the

devices that are listening will collect more information,

meaning they can be further away from an AP and still hear it

enough to be in its preamble detect

So the contention domain, the size of how it can be

effective to other devices

It’s pretty big, like measured in hundreds of meters

So that’s kind of hard to design and keep those where they are

Works really good for Iot

Works really good for low data rate devices

Older devices can’t do anything else

Of course, they’re going to be in there

Then we look and zoom in on the 5 gig

Now, in this view, we took out the U-NII-2b

because it’s really not part of what we’re going to do

And there’s no U-NII-4 because it hasn’t been ratified yet

This is our current set

We have about 25 20 megahertz channels, 11 40 megahertz channels,

but only 5 80 megahertz channel

So we don’t get a lot of 80 megahertz going on today

in the 5 gig space unless you’re, you know, home or

our small office is very far away from any neighbors

We stick in the 40s and again the rule use the widest channel

you can until you can’t

How do you know you can’t, you know,

when you get code channel interference

So if you have code channel interference,

go to a smaller channel

And then we can zoom out and see this big 6 gigahertz

6 gigahertz has lots and lots of frequency,

59 20 megahertz channels to play with

This is huge, 29 40s

We can go to 40s and not hit any code channel interference

in most buildings anywhere

In fact was 14 in the U.S., at least

with 14 80 megahertz channels

That’s fantastic, that’s this that’s, you know,

more than we’re getting right now with our 40s

So 80 is going to be the new 40 moving on in the 6 gig

We still don’t have 6 gig shipping that yet

But as you compare these,

6 gig is going to be the future of where we’re going

Like we’ve said in other videos, if you like what you see here

and you want more training videos, go make comments,

go download the graphics, the files that you like

on WLANPros

We love sharing the information with the community

And we’re glad you’re part of our community

Thank you

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